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Where do you start while studying for your ophthalmology rotation???

I suggest a basic understanding of anatomy as laid out in Ophthalmology: A Brief Review. This section is laid out in a logical thought process. The structure`s name, then what it is, where it is, and what it does. Check out the basic anatomy below.

• SECTION 1: ANATOMY & EMBRYOLOGY
Let`s begin with a review of basic ocular anatomy and physiology
• Eyeball Anatomy
Cornea- the clear, transparent window in the front of the eye.
Sclera- white part of the eye that is continuous with the Cornea
Limbus- junction between Cornea and Sclera
Conjunctiva- skin that covers the Sclera
Tenon`s Capsule- fibrous tissue that is located between the Conjunctiva and Sclera
Iris- pigmented eye muscle behind the cornea with an opening for light (called the
Pupil)
Trabecular Meshwork- at the Cornea/Iris junction, it drains Aqueous Humor from the
eye to the Canal of Schlemm
Ciliary Body- pigmented eye muscle behind the Iris that creates Aqueous Humor and
changes the shape of the Lens
Lens- focuses light on the Retina (remember, the Cornea and Lens are both necessary
to focus light on the Retina. The Cornea is actually more powerful than the Lens)
Zonules- ligaments that extend from the Ciliary Body to the Lens to hold it in place
Anterior Chamber- Aqueous-filled space between the Cornea and Iris
Posterior Chamber- Aqueous-filled space between Iris and Lens
Vitreous Cavity- Vitreous-filled space between the Lens and Retina
Vitreous Humor- a jelly-like substance that becomes more liquid with age
Aqueous Humor- a liquid, plasma like substance that flows from the Posterior Chamber
to the Anterior Chamber
Retina- innermost layer of the eye that contains photoreceptor and senses light
Choroid- middle layer of the eye that provides some (1/3) of the blood supply to the
Retina via the Choriocapillaris
Uvea – pigmented structures of the eye including Iris, Choroid, and Ciliary Body
Sclera- outermost layer of the eye (see above)
Optic Nerve- sensory nerve that carries messages from the Retina to the Brain
Central Retinal Artery and Vein- pass through the Optic Nerve to supply most (2/3) of
the blood supply to the Retina
Fovea- the area of sharp, distinct vision in the retina


TAKE HOME POINT - The vitreous gel is responsible for the conditions known as floaters. Floaters occur as the vitreous gel becomes more and more liquid with age. It is a natural process that everyone experiences. However, floaters can be a sign of something more dangerous - such as a retinal hole, retinal detachment, or hemorrhage into the vitreous cavity. How do you tell the difference? As the ophthalmologist, you will perform a retinal exam with "Scleral Depression." Scleral depression allows the ophthalmologist to evaluated the entire retina, out to the Ora Serrata (where the retina ends and the pars plana begins).

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Introduction to Ophthalmology a Brief Review A Book for Medical Students, Ophthalmic Nurses, and Ophthalmic Technicians